Pterostilbene

Pterostilbene is a dimethylated stilbene analogue of resveratrol naturally present in blueberries, grapes, and Pterocarpus marsupium heartwood. The two methoxy groups replacing the hydroxyl groups of resveratrol substantially increase lipophilicity and metabolic stability, conferring approximately two- to fourfold higher oral bioavailability and a longer half-life compared with resveratrol. Like resveratrol, it is studied as a putative SIRT1 activator and AMPK modulator, and additionally activates PPARα, relevant to fat oxidation. In rodent models it improves cognitive function, reduces inflammatory and oxidative markers, and extends lifespan in some strains. Human clinical data are limited to small trials examining lipid profiles, blood pressure, and antioxidant markers, with modest and inconsistent effects; a randomized human trial (Riche et al. 2014, NCT01267227) reported LDL elevation at higher pterostilbene doses in the monotherapy arm — a finding notable enough that ChromaDex subsequently ceased new pterostilbene ingredient orders. No robust evidence supports anti-aging benefit in humans, and long-term safety data are sparse.